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1.
Psicol. reflex. crit ; 34: 35, 2021. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1356629

ABSTRACT

Short-term memory is a dynamic psychological process that operates within a network in which non-verbal intelligence and attentional domains are connected. However, no consensus has been reached about which process has the greatest effect on this memory ability, which was the main objective of the present study. A sample of 1448 Brazilian participants (mean age = 26.62 years, standard deviation = 9.97 years; 53.9% females) were collectively tested on pen-and-paper standardized and validated measures of selective (ROTAS-C), alternating (ROTAS-A), and divided (ROTAS-D) attention. They also performed the R1 Non-verbal Intelligence Test and a visual short-term memory test (Memória Visual de Curto Prazo [MEMORE] test). The statistical analyses consisted of a data mining procedure, in which exhaustive automatic selection screening was performed. The results were compared with Corrected Akaike Information Criteria. The linear model met the classic assumptions of ordinary least squares and only included main effects of selective attention (standardized β = 0.39) and non-verbal intelligence (standardized β = 0.37) as main predictors (F2,39 = 7.01, p < 0.01, adjusted R2 = 24%). The results are discussed within a cognitive psychology framework. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Attention , Intelligence , Memory, Short-Term , Psychometrics , Cognition
2.
Rev. bras. ciênc. mov ; 21(4): 48-55, 2013.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-733830

ABSTRACT

Conhecer as capacidades e limitações das pessoas é essencial para otimizar seu desempenho acadêmico e profissional. Desta maneira, esta pesquisa teve como objetivo explorar os traços de personalidade de estudantes de ensino superior de Educação Física na cidade de São Paulo, por meio do Questionário de Personalidade de Eysenck (EPQ), que avalia os fatores Extroversão/Introversão, Neuroticismo e Psicoticismo, além de perguntas relativas ao controle do falseamento das respostas (Lie Scale). Os resultados apontam níveis de Extroversão e Neuroticismo elevados neste grupo quando comparados com outras pesquisas e verificou-se uma correlação significativa e negativa entre estes mesmos fatores. Em relação às diferenças entre gêneros, observou-se que o fator Neuroticismo apresentou diferenças estatisticamente significativas indicando médias mais elevadas para o sexo feminino. Os traços de personalidade Extroversão e Neuroticismo, sob a perspectiva do modelo de Eysenck, podem ser considerados como construtos importantes para a carreira na área da Educação Física e Esporte.


The knowledge of the capabilities and limitations of people is essential to optimize your academic and professional performance. Thus, this study aimed to explore the personality traits of university students in Physical Education and Sport of public and private institutions in the city of São Paulo, by means of the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ), which evaluates factors Extraversion/Introversion, Neuroticism and Psychoticism, and questions relating to the control of falsification of responses (Lie Scale). The results show levels of Extraversion and Neuroticism higher in this group compared with other studies and there was a significant negative correlation between these same factors. Regarding gender differences, we found that the factor Neuroticism showed statistically significant differences indicating higher average for females. The personality traits Extraversion andNeuroticism, from the perspective of the Eysenck model, can be considered as important constructs for careers in the field of Physical Education and Sport.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Young Adult , Middle Aged , Universities , Educational Measurement , Extraversion, Psychological , Faculty , Introversion, Psychological , Sports , Interpersonal Relations , Physical Education and Training , Temperament
3.
Aval. psicol ; 11(1): 83-93, abr. 2012. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-688374

ABSTRACT

O objetivo do presente estudo foi verificar a relação das variáveis idade e escolaridade com desempenho escolar de alunos do ensino fundamental. Participaram da pesquisa 855 alunos, estudantes de ensino fundamental da rede pública estadual do estado de Santa Catarina, com idades entre 6 e 16 anos. Foi aplicado em todos os participantes o Teste de Desempenho Escolar (TDE), que é composto por três subtestes: Escrita, Aritmética e Leitura. Os resultados demonstraram que o desempenho escolar da amostra estudada relacionou-se de forma significativa com as séries, podendo ser observada uma linearidade entre nível de escolaridade e desempenho escolar. O mesmo não ocorreu com a variável idade. Diante dos dados mencionados é relevante ressaltar a importância em identificar precocemente aspectos relacionados ao desempenho escolar, bem como a necessidade de atualizações de normas para interpretação dos resultados do Teste de Desempenho Escolar (TDE) por meio das análises mostradas nesta pesquisa.


This study aimed at assessing the relation between age and schooling with the academic performance of elementary students. 855 students participated in the research, elementary school students attending at public schools in the state of Santa Catarina-Brasil, aging between 6 and 16 years old. The Teste de Desempenho Escolar (TDE) was administrated to all participants, which is composed of three subtests, namely, Writing, Arithmetic and Reading. The results showed that school performance was significantly related to grades, so that it was observed a linear correlation between schooling and school performance. This was not seen with the variable age. From the data listed above, it is relevant to emphasize the importance of early identification of issues related to school performance, as well as the need for updates of standards for interpreting the results of TDE through the analysis shown in this investigation.


El objetivo del presente estudio fue verificar la relación de las variables edad y escolaridad con desempeño escolar de alumnos de enseñanza primaria. Participaron de la investigación 855 alumnos, estudiantes de enseñanza primaria de escuelas públicas del estado de Santa Catarina-Brasil, con edades entre 6 e 16 años. Fue aplicado en todos los participantes el Test de Desempeño Escolar (TDE), que es compuesto por tres subtestes: Escrita, Aritmética y Lectura. Los resultados demostraron que el desempeño escolar de la muestra estudiada se relacionó significativamente con los años escolares, siendo observada una linealidad entre nivel de escolaridad y desempeño escolar. Lo mismo no ocurrió con la variable edad. Ante esos datos, es relevante señalar la importancia de identificarse precozmente aspectos relacionados al desempeño escolar, así como la necesidad de actualizaciones de normas para interpretación de los resultados del TDE a través de análisis mostradas en el presente trabajo.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Education, Primary and Secondary , Educational Status , Underachievement
4.
Psychol. neurosci. (Impr.) ; 3(1): 93-99, Jan.-June 2010. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-604507

ABSTRACT

The present study aims to evaluate psychometric data on the population of Brazil using of the Color Trails Test (CTT). The instrument was applied to 1,942 subjects who came from the north (1.4 percent), northeast (10.4 percent), midwest (7.7 percent), southeast (65.9 percent), and south (13.9 percent) regions of Brazil. Ages varied from 18 to 86 years (M = 40.03 years; DP = 16.02), with 386 males (19.9 percent) and 1,556 females (80.1 percent). Regarding schooling, 57 (3 percent) of participants were illiterate, 1.240 (64 percent) had primary education and 645 (33 percent) had a high school and/or superior diploma. The length of schooling ranged from 0 to 14 (M = 7.81, SD = 3.51) years. Good accuracy ratings were obtained using Spearman's coefficient on the main measures of the CTT, including time of execution form 1 (0.76) and form 2 (0.82). Regional variations showed that the northeast region had the worst results on the instrument. Males had better performance on the proposed task, with significant differences between age groups and the worst results for ages greater than 60 years. For both sexes, an increase in score was noticed with increasing age, and better performance was found with increasing levels of education. The present results suggest that the CTT can identify attentional disturbances with significant variations in the time of execution.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Executive Function , Neuropsychological Tests
5.
Rev. dor ; 11(1)jan.-mar. 2010.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-562428

ABSTRACT

JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: A dor é uma experiência multidimensional que envolve aspectos sensório-perceptual, afetivo-motivacional e cognitivo-avaliativo. No contexto esportivo a dor é percebida de forma diferenciada em virtude dos limites que o atleta busca e suporta. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a dimensão da percepção do esforço e da dor em atletas que participaram do Multiathlon.MÉTODO: Foram incluídos no estudo 15 atletas, sendo 11 do sexo masculino e 4 do sexo feminino, com idades entre 21 e 43 anos que participaram da prova desde o seu início. Para a avaliação do esforço utilizou-se a escala de Percepção de Esforço de Borg e para a avaliação da dor a versão brasileira do questionário de dor McGILL.RESULTADOS: As análises evidenciaram correlações significativas entre as duas escalas. Foi possível observar correlações muito altas e positivas entre a maior parte das dimensões do instrumento no início e também ao término da competição. Verificou-se maior dificuldade na classificação da intensidade do que na qualidade da dor. Quanto mais o atleta percebe seu esforço na escala de Borg, mais descritores são assinalados no questionário de McGILL.CONCLUSÃO: O presente estudo demonstrou que embora o MPQ seja um importante instrumento para a avaliação de dor no contexto hospitalar, ele não apresenta a mesma aplicabilidade para a avaliação da percepção da dor por atletas em situações competitivas como as observadas no Multiathlon.


BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Pain is a multidimensional experience involving sensory-perceptive, affective-motivational and cognitive-evaluative aspects. Among athletes, pain is perceived in a differentiated manner due to the limits they search and bear. This study aimed at evaluating effort and pain perception dimension among Multiathlon athletes.METHOD: Participated in this study 15 athletes being 11 males and 4 females, aged between 21 and 43 years who participated in competition since its beginning. Borg's Effort Perception scale was used to evaluate effort and the Brazilian version of the McGILL pain questionnaire was used to evaluate pain.RESULTS: Analyses have shown significant correlations between both scales. It was possible to observe very high and positive correlations between the highest part of the tool dimensions in the beginning and at competition completion. There has been more difficulty to classify pain intensity as compared to quality. The more the athlete perceives his/her effort in the Borg's scale; more keywords are checked in the McGILL questionnaire.CONCLUSION: This study has shown that although MPQ is a major tool to evaluate pain in hospital settings, it is not so applicable to evaluate pain perception by athletes in competitive situations such as those observed during Multiathlon.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Young Adult , Middle Aged , Athletes/psychology , Physical Exertion/physiology , Sports/physiology , Pain Measurement/methods , Pain Perception , Athletic Injuries , Motor Activity
6.
Psico USF ; 14(2): 177-184, maio-ago. 2009. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-534945

ABSTRACT

O objetivo do estudo foi encontrar evidências de validade das Matrizes Progressivas Avançadas de Raven em universitários. Participaram 369 universitários de duas universidades privadas do estado de São Paulo, sendo 104 (28,2%) do sexo masculino e 265 (71,8%) do feminino. Em relação aos cursos, 167 (45,3%) são de Psicologia, 111 (30,1%) de Administração de Empresas, 54 (14,6%) de Gestão de Recursos Humanos e 37 (10%) de Pedagogia. Os resultados demonstraram que houve diferença significativa com relação ao gênero, com um melhor desempenho do sexo maculino (t=4,21 e p<0,01). A análise de variância (ANOVA) mostrou que ocorreu diferença significativa entre as médias obtidas em cada curso (F=13,8 e p<0,00), e os cursos que se diferenciaram de acordo com o teste ad-boc de Tukey foram os de Administração e Psicologia. Os resultados demonstraram que o instrumento utilizado mostrou-se preciso para avaliar, aspectos da inteligência geral em universitários.


The aim of the study was to find validity evidence of Raven's Advanced Progressive Matrices in university students. The sample consisted of 369 university students from two private universities in the state of São Paulo, being a 104 (28,1%) of the masculine and 265 (71,8%) of the feminine. Regarding the courses, 167 (45,3%) is of Psychology, 111 (30,1%) is of Business Administration, 54 (14,6%) is of Management of Human Resources and 37 (10%) is of Pedagogy. The results showed statiscally significant difference of sex, with males having better performance in the instrument (t=4.21; p,<0.01). The analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed significant difference between averanges of the courses (F=13,8; p<0,00), and the courses that are differentiated in accordance with the test ad-boc of Tukey were Administration and Psychology that obtained scores bigger than the others courses. The results demonstrated what the used instrument showed precisely to value aspects of the general intelligence at university students.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Universities , Intelligence Tests , Psychometrics , Students
7.
Aval. psicol ; 8(1): 109-117, abr. 2009. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-514556

ABSTRACT

Este artigo teve como objetivo investigar os aspectos da personalidade denominados extroversão e socialização, em profissionais no contexto organizacional, além de explorar possíveis diferenças entre as variáveis sexo, idade e cargos exercidos. A amostra foi composta por 68 participantes, sendo 45,6 por cento do sexo feminino e 54,4 por cento do sexo masculino, com idades entre 16 e 62 anos. Aplicou-se a Escala Fatorial de Extroversão (EFEx) e a Escala Fatorial de Socialização (EFS). Foi obtido nos dois instrumentos, um bom índice de precisão (a=0,87) e observou-se correlação positiva de 0,47 entre o fator Amabilidade (EFS) com o fator Interações Sociais (EFEx). Por outro lado o Fator Pró-sociabilidade (EFS) obteve correlação negativa de -0,52 com o fator Altivez (EFEx), ambas correlações estatisticamente significantes (p<0,01). As escalas demonstraram avaliar construtos relacionados, entretanto, novos estudos são necessários a fim de verificar as particularidades desses instrumentos para o contexto organizacional.


The aim of this article was to investigate personality traits such as extraversion and agreeableness in professionals within organizational context, besides explore possible differences in the sex, age and job position variables. The sample consisted of 68 participants, 45.6 percent females and 54.4 percent males, aged from 16-62 years old. The Extroversion Factor Scale (Escala Fatorial de Extroversão - EFEx) and the Agreeableness Factor Scale (Escala Fatorial de Socialização - EFS) were applied. A good precision in both tests (a=0,87) was obtained and a positive correlation of 0,47 between the Agreeableness factor (EFS) with the Social Interactions factor (EFEx) was observed. On the other hand, the Pro-sociability factor (EFS) showed a negative correlation of -0,52 with the Pride factor (EFEx), both correlations with statistical signification (p<0.01). The scales demonstrated to assess correlated constructs, however, further studies are necessary in order to verify the peculiarities of these instruments within the organizational context.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Extraversion, Psychological , Interpersonal Relations , Personality , Psychology, Industrial , Socialization
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